Hongri Richard Gu

Assistant Professor, HKUST

Hongri "Richard" Gu

顾红日 / 顧紅日

I lead research on mechanically intelligent robotic materials, microrobots, structured magnetic materials, and biomedical devices.

Schematic of microcargo transport through vascular microchannels using artificial microtubules
Artificial microtubules for robust microscale biomedical transport.

Biography

Building robotic systems across scales

Hongri "Richard" Gu is a tenure-track Assistant Professor in the Division of Integrative Systems and Design at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. He received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering and M.Sc. in Micro and Nanosystems from ETH Zurich, where he worked in the Multi-Scale Robotics Lab with Prof. Brad Nelson.

Before joining HKUST in January 2025, he was a postdoctoral associate at the University of Konstanz with Prof. Clemens Bechinger. His work connects soft robotics, active matter, magnetic materials, reinforcement learning, and minimally invasive medical devices.

Updates

Highlights

Early Career Scheme grant from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council for wearable electromagnetic actuation systems.

New paper in Nature Materials: non-monotonic magnetic friction from collective rotor dynamics.

New work in Science Advances on label-free robotic mitochondrial biopsy.

Teaching Creative Machine Design at HKUST.

Research

Mechanics, magnetism, and intelligence for small-scale robots

The group develops materials and robotic systems that use structure, magnetic interactions, and collective dynamics to produce useful functions in constrained environments.

Self-folding soft robotic chains forming functional tools

Programmable magnetic assemblies

Quadrupole magnetic modules, metamaterials, and self-folding chains for reconfigurable tools and medical devices.

Artificial microtubule transport schematic

Microrobotic delivery

Artificial microtubules and microfluidic systems for rapid, robust transport and separation of magnetic microcargoes.

Magnetic cilia carpet demonstration

Bio-inspired soft robotics

Magnetic cilia carpets and soft intelligent structures that reveal principles of fluid transport and locomotion.

Microrobot swarm collective transport visualization

Swarm microrobots and learning

Individually controlled microrobot swarms trained with counterfactual rewards for collective transport tasks.

Publications

Selected papers

Full publication details are available on Google Scholar, ORCID, and the HKUST research portal.

  1. 2026

    Non-monotonic magnetic friction from collective rotor dynamics

    Hongri Gu*, Anton Lüders*, Clemens Bechinger*. Nature Materials 25, 767-774.

  2. 2025

    Label-free robotic mitochondrial biopsy

    Yanmei Ma, Weikang Hu, Muyang Ruan, Feixiang Bao, Xingguo Liu, Dong Sun, Hongri Gu*, Chengzhi Hu*. Science Advances 11, eadx4289.

  3. 2025

    Development of electrochemical nanoprobe for real-time intracellular measurements of Fe2+ during ferroptosis

    Yanmei Ma, Xinhao Li, Weikang Hu, Muyang Ruan, Ming Yang, Lingqian Chang, Hongri Gu, Chengzhi Hu. Microsystems & Nanoengineering 11, 134.

  4. 2025

    The 2025 motile active matter roadmap

    Gerhard Gompper, Howard Stone, et al. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 37, 143501.

  5. 2024

    Counterfactual reward enables collective transport using individually controlled swarm microrobots

    Veit-Lorenz Heuthe, Emanuele Panizon, Hongri Gu*, Clemens Bechinger*. Science Robotics 9, eado5888.

  6. 2024

    Scalable high-throughput microfluidic separation of magnetic microparticles

    Hongri Gu*, Yonglin Chen, Anton Lüders, Thibaud Bertrand, Emre Hanedan, Peter Nielaba, Clemens Bechinger, Bradley J. Nelson. Device, 100403.

  7. 2023

    Self-folding soft robotic chains with reconfigurable shapes and functionalities

    Hongri Gu*, Marino Möckli, Claas Ehmke, Minsoo Kim*, Matthias Wieland, Simon Moser, Clemens Bechinger, Quentin Boehler*, Bradley J. Nelson*. Nature Communications 14, 1263.

  8. 2022

    Artificial microtubules for fast and collective transport of magnetic microcargoes

    Hongri Gu*, Emre Hanedan, Quentin Boehler, Tian-Yun Huang, Arnold J. T. M. Mathijssen*, Bradley J. Nelson*. Nature Machine Intelligence 4, 678-684.

  9. 2020

    Magnetic cilia carpets with programmable metachronal waves

    Hongri Gu, Quentin Boehler, Daniel Ahmed, Bradley J. Nelson*. Nature Communications 11, 2637.

  10. 2019

    Magnetic quadrupole assemblies with arbitrary shapes and magnetizations

    Hongri Gu, Quentin Boehler, Daniel Ahmed, Bradley J. Nelson*. Science Robotics 4, eaax8977.

Teaching and Mentoring

Project-based design, robotics, and small-scale systems

Courses

  • Creative Machine Design, ISDN3000B, HKUST, Fall 2025.
  • Bio-inspired Mobile Robotics, University of Konstanz, Fall 2023 and Fall 2024.
  • Biorobotics guest lecture, University of Konstanz, Spring 2022.
  • 3D printing training and student projects, ETH Zurich, 2017-2021.

Supervision

Richard has supervised Ph.D. students, master theses, semester projects, bachelor theses, and research assistants across robotics, magnetic materials, and biomedical device research.

Openings

Prospective students and collaborators

I welcome motivated Ph.D., MPhil, undergraduate research, and postdoctoral candidates interested in microrobotics, soft robotics, active matter, medical devices, magnetic materials, and hands-on experimental systems.

For students

Please email a concise research statement, CV, transcript when relevant, and one or two papers or projects that shaped your interests.

For collaborators

I am especially interested in interdisciplinary work connecting design, robotics, materials, physics, bioengineering, and clinical translation.

Contact

Hongri "Richard" Gu

Division of Integrative Systems and Design
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR
hongrigu@ust.hk